Avaliação da rotulagem de cosméticos clareadores de pele comercializados em Juazeiro, Bahia, Brasil / Evaluation of the labeling of skin lightening cosmetics marketed in Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil

A hiperpigmentação da pele, principalmente na região facial, resulta em um incômodo estético que afeta a qualidade de vida do indivíduo, levando a busca por produtos clareadores. Este estudo avaliou a conformidade dos rótulos de cosméticos comercializados como "produtos clareadores de pele", bem como a existência de substâncias clareadoras proibidas neste tipo de produto. Foi realizada uma análise transversal descritiva qualitativa no período de abril a maio de 2022, em busca por cosméticos comercializados em estabelecimentos farmacêuticos e lojas de produtos cosméticos localizadas no município de Juazeiro/BA. Foram selecionados 18 produtos e os desvios de rotulagem identificados com base na legislação utilizada vigente à época do estudo, foram: ausência de informações sobre advertências/restrições de uso e número de registro incompleto, equivalente a 16,7% (n = 3) das amostras. A hidroquinona, proibida nesse tipo de produto, foi encontrada em um cosmético (5,5%). Embora a maioria das amostras analisadas esteja em conformidade com as exigências legais, os resultados evidenciam descumprimentos, indicando a necessidade de uma fiscalização mais rigorosa a fim de evitar possíveis danos à saúde do usuário. (AU)

Skin hyperpigmentation, particularly in the facial region, can be an aesthetic nuisance that affects an individual's quality of life, leading them to seek out whitening products. This study evaluated the compliance of cosmetics labels marketed as "skin lightening products", and assessed the presence of whitening substances prohibited in this type of product. A qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis was conducted between April and May 2022 in Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil, focusing on cosmetics sold in pharmaceutical establishments and cosmetic product stores. Eighteen products were selected, and labeling deviations identified based on the legislation in force at the time of the study. These included a lack of information on warnings/use restrictions and incomplete registration numbers, affecting 16.7% (n = 3) of the samples. Hydroquinone, prohibited in this type of product by the legislation, was detected in one cosmetic (5.5%). Although most of the analyzed samples comply with legal requirements, the observed non-compliance highlights the need for more stringent inspection to prevent potential harm to user's health. (AU)

Avaliação da rotulagem de cosméticos clareadores de pele comercializados em Juazeiro, Bahia, Brasil / Evaluation of the labeling of skin lightening cosmetics marketed in Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil

A hiperpigmentação da pele, principalmente na região facial, resulta em um incômodo estético que afeta a qualidade de vida do indivíduo, levando a busca por produtos clareadores. Este estudo avaliou a conformidade dos rótulos de cosméticos comercializados como "produtos clareadores de pele", bem como a existência de substâncias clareadoras proibidas neste tipo de produto. Foi realizada uma análise transversal descritiva qualitativa no período de abril a maio de 2022, em busca por cosméticos comercializados em estabelecimentos farmacêuticos e lojas de produtos cosméticos localizadas no município de Juazeiro/BA. Foram selecionados 18 produtos e os desvios de rotulagem identificados com base na legislação utilizada vigente à época do estudo, foram: ausência de informações sobre advertências/restrições de uso e número de registro incompleto, equivalente a 16,7% (n = 3) das amostras. A hidroquinona, proibida nesse tipo de produto, foi encontrada em um cosmético (5,5%). Embora a maioria das amostras analisadas esteja em conformidade com as exigências legais, os resultados evidenciam descumprimentos, indicando a necessidade de uma fiscalização mais rigorosa a fim de evitar possíveis danos à saúde do usuário.

Skin hyperpigmentation, particularly in the facial region, can be an aesthetic nuisance that affects an individual's quality of life, leading them to seek out whitening products. This study evaluated the compliance of cosmetics labels marketed as "skin lightening products", and assessed the presence of whitening substances prohibited in this type of product. A qualitative, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis was conducted between April and May 2022 in Juazeiro, Bahia, Brazil, focusing on cosmetics sold in pharmaceutical establishments and cosmetic product stores. Eighteen products were selected, and labeling deviations identified based on the legislation in force at the time of the study. These included a lack of information on warnings/use restrictions and incomplete registration numbers, affecting 16.7% (n = 3) of the samples. Hydroquinone, prohibited in this type of product by the legislation, was detected in one cosmetic (5.5%). Although most of the analyzed samples comply with legal requirements, the observed non-compliance highlights the need for more stringent inspection to prevent potential harm to user's health.

Design and development of orally disintegrating films: A platform based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose and guar gum.

From a design of experiments (DOE) performed under four independent variables, with the filmogenicity conditions and shortest disintegration time as the answers, a new oral disintegrating film (ODF) based on hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) and guar gum (GG) with the essential oil of Plectranthus amboinicus L. (EOPA) was developed. Sixteen formulations were tested for filmogenicity, homogeneity, and viability. The better selected ODF required 230.1 s for complete disintegration. The retention rate of the EOPA was quantified using the nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen technique (H1 NMR), which identified the presence of 0.14 % carvacrol. The scanning electron microscopy showed a smooth and homogeneous surface with the presence of small white dots. Through the disk diffusion test, the EOPA was able to inhibit the growth of clinical strains of the Candida genus and gram-positive and gram-negative bacterial strains. This work opens new perspectives for the development of antimicrobial ODFS used in clinical practice.

Microemulsion systems to enhance the transdermal permeation of ivermectin in dogs: A preliminary in vitro study.

This study aims to evaluate the influence of the phase behavior of microemulsions in the transdermal administration ("spot-on") of ivermectin, an antiparasitic drug widely used in the treatment of endoparasites and ectoparasites in dogs. In this regard, pseudoternary phase diagrams composed of water (aqueous phase), isopropyl myristate (oil phase), tween 80 (surfactant) and labrasol (cosurfactant) were obtained in a different surfactant: cosurfactant (S:CS) ratios. S:CS in 1:3 ratio presented a larger region of microemulsion formation and three microemulsions were selected from it and characterized. Subsequently, in vitro permeation and retention studies were conducted using canine skin as membrane. SAXS, rheology and conductivity data were employed to confirm the phase behavior of the microemulsions (w/o, bicontinuous or o/w). The cutaneous permeation and retention tests showed that the w/o microemulsion, followed by bicontinuous microemulsion, resulted in a higher amount of drug permeated through canine skin, suggesting better transdermal permeation. On the other hand, o/w microemulsion resulted in a higher amount of drug accumulated into the skin, suggesting better topical activity. Thus, it can be concluded that phase behavior of microemulsions influenced the drug permeation in the canine skin differently from other animal models. Microemulsions, especially w/o and bicontinuous, can be promising vehicles regarding the transdermal delivery of ivermectin.